Gel electrophoresis

What is Gel electrophoresis?

Ruwan Illeperuma in TNL

Ruwan Illeperuma Interviewed by Dr.Jayalath Jayawardana.
A9 baby case.

Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis animation

RNA

Genetically Engineered Cats & Dogs

Genetically engineered 'hypoallergenic' dogs may be available soon. So you should able to buy GM Pets on shops soon. Here is story about GM Cats. The major allergen in cats is the glycoprotein Fel d1 that is secreted by the sebaceous glands. This allergen is found in the fur, saliva, urine, mucous, salivary glands, and hair roots of the cat. This protein is produced by the Fel d1 gene. Scientists have developed a cat breed that produces a different version of the Fel d1 protein. According to Allerca, these cats no longer trigger the autoimmune system of people allergic to cats. The Allerca cats have been available since 2006. First scientists sought a method to delete or disable the gene. But in testing to see whether the gene had been effectively silenced, they made a fortuitous discovery: A very small number of cats carry a mutant gene that produces a modified protein, far less likely to induce allergies. At that point, the research shifted course. Allerca screened thousands of cats to identify a population with the modified gene and then set those cats to breeding. Because the mutant gene is dominant, the breeding cats could be mated with normal cats to produce hypoallergenic kittens.

By using proprietary genetic technology, ALLERCA manipulated naturally occurring genetic variations in cats, specifically targeting the gene Fel D1 that is responsible for the production of the common cat allergen. ALLERCA's technology detected genetic divergences consisting of minute variations in the code of the Fel D1 gene sequence.

Genetically Engineered Crops & Food.

GloFish is the first Genetically modified animal to be sold as a pet.

GloFish images

Genetically engineered organism (GEO) or Genetically modified (GM) Animals are organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

How is it done?
'Transgenesis' uses a tiny needle to inject a piece of DNA into a fertilised egg. The egg then develops inside a surrogate mother. As her young grow up and are mated, future generations may contain this extra piece of DNA as part of their genetic makeup. The problem is that transgenesis can only deal with relatively large chunks of genes and is rather random - the new DNA doesn't always insert itself properly into the animal's own DNA.
'Gene targeting' uses GM embryonic stem (ES) cells - the starter cells that can develop into any cell type in the body. New genes can be inserted into these cells, or existing genes can be 'knocked out'. The ES cells are then injected into very early, normal embryos, where they may develop into egg or sperm cells, and the modified gene is transmitted to the next generation.
Many different animals have been used, including pigs, sheep, poultry, fish and insects. In 2001, ANDi, the first GM monkey was born.

Genetically engineered Field Crops ( Rice, Maize, Sorghum, Wheet, Rhy, Millets ) and Food Items.